امتحان عام
المدة: 4 ساعات
القسم الاول
اسم الشركة التي يرأسها كل منالأسماء التالية
· أين يقع المركز الرئيسي لكل من الشركات التالية؟ في أيمجال تعمل كل شركة؟ ما هواسم الرئيس التنفيذي لكل منها؟
ما هو الاسم العربي الكامل ودور كل من المنظمات التالية باختصار
ضع علامة حولالدولة التي لاتنتمي لمنظمة أوبك (قدتكون أكثر مندولة)
السعودية
النرويج
فنزويلا
ماليزيا
الامارات
روسيا
ضع علامة حولالدولة التي لاتنتمي لدول مجلسالتعاون الخليجي (قدتكون أكثر مندولة)
اليمن
السعودية
عمان
قطر
البحرين
ايران
القسم الثاني
ماهي العملة الرسمية لكل من
حوّل100 مليون من عملة كل من هذه الدول أعلاه إلى الدولار الأميركي
عرّف التضخم؟
ما هي الأداة الاكثر شيوعاً التي تستخدمها السلطات المالية للسيطرة على التضخم؟
ماهو الفرق بين ربط العملة ونظام سعر الصرف الحر؟
ماهو القطاعالمحلي الذي يتوقعان يستفيد منرفع عملية ربطالعملة بعملة أخرى أوسلة عملات؟
إذا تحركمعدل صرف عملةدولة ما من3.5 وحدةنقدية للدولار الى 5 وحدات نقدية للدولار هل يعني ذلك أنالعملة ارتفعت قيمتهاأم انخفضت؟
عندما تنخفض قيمة العملة، ماهي النتائج المتوقعة على
إذا قررتمنظمة أوبك فياجتماعها الرسمي أنترفع الانتاج، فهليكون السبب أسعارالنفط المنخفضة أوالمرتفعة؟
يجب أنتتضمن السندات المؤسساتيةأو الحكومية ثلاثةعناصرأساسية، ما هيهذه العناصر؟
ماهي الأسواق او المدن التي تنتمي إليها المؤشرات التالية
لماذا تؤسس الدول مناطق للتجارة الحرة؟ ماهي المزايا في تلك المناطق؟
هل تؤثر الزيادة في أسعار النفط على الدول غيرالمنتجة للنفط في الشرق الأوسط؟ كيف ولماذا؟
القسم الثالث: الصرف والنحو
أعد تحرير النص أدناه مع تشكيل النص وتصحيح بعض الاخطاءاللغوية الواردة فيه
مصادر: تركيا واليونان تستأنفانمحادثات بشأن نزاعات بحرية بعد انقطاع خمس سنوات أنقرة 25 يناير كانون الثاني(رويترز) - قالت مصادر دبلوماسية اليوم الاثنين إن تركيا واليونان استأنفوامحادثات تهدف إلى إيجاد حلول إلى نزاعات بحرية قائمة منذ فترة طويلة وهي خطوة تأتيبعد توتر في شرق المتوسط استمر لأشهر. ولم تحقق الجارتان، العضوان فيحلف شمال الأطلسي، تقما يذكر خلال 60 جولة من المحادثات في الفترة من 2002 وحتى2016. وتعثرت خطط استئناف المحادثاتالعام الماضي بسبب إرسال تركيا لسفينة مسح في منطقة متنازع عليها في شرق المتوسطوبسبب خلافات بشأن الموضوعات التي يجب أن تشملها المحادثات. واتفقت أنقرة وأثينا هذا الشهرعلى استئناف المفاوضات في العاصمة التركية إسطنبول في اختبار لآمال تركيا في تحسينالعلاقات مع الاتحاد الأوروبي الذي ساند موقف اليونان وهدد بفرض عقوبات على تركيا.وأثينا عضو في التكتل. وعبر الجانبان عن تفاؤل حذر قبلالمحادثات رغم استمرار الدولتين في تبادل التصريحات الحادة حتى في الأيام التيسبقت اجتماع اليوم الاثنين في إسطنبول. وقال رئيس الوزراء اليونانيكيرياكوس ميتسوتاكيس الأسبوع الماضي إن اليونان سيشارك في المحادثات بتفاؤل لكن"دون سذاجة". وقال الرئيس التركي رجب طيب أردوغان إنه يأمل أن يكوناستئناف المحادثات بداية لعهد جديد. وعلى الرغم من الاتفاق علىاستئناف المحادثات قال أثينا يوم السبت إنه لن يناقش سوى ترسيم الحدود في المناطقالاقتصادية الخالصة والجرف القاري في شرق المتوسط وليس قضايا "السيادةالوطنية". أما أنقرة فقد قالت إنها تريدأن تشمل المحادثات نفس الموضوعات التي شملتها الجولات السابقة ومن بينها نزعالسلاح من جزر في بحر إيجه والخلافات بشأن المجال الجوي. ولم تتضح بعد الموضوعات المدرجةعلى جدول المحادثات.
مهارات التحرير اكتب نصا لتقرير فيديو علىموقع فوربس لا يزيد على 200 كلمة عن موضوع واحد من الموضوعات التالية
قصة ملياردير عربي؟
أكثر5 مليارديرات في العالم استفادوا من فيروس كورونا؟
دولأطاحت كورونا بعملاتها
كيف أثّر فيروس كوفيد-19 على قطاعالطيران في العالم وفي العالم العربي (مع أرقام إحصائية)
تقرير عن أسعار البيتكوين
اقترحإنفوغراف لواحدة منالقصص التالية
أسهم التكنولوجيا
سوق العملات الرقمية
أسعار النفط
خطط بايدن لإنقاذ الاقتصاد
شركة تيسلا
موضوع خاص- أكتب تقريرا خاصا (بين 500 و700 كلمة) بأسلوب فوربسالشرق الأوسط عن موضوع تختاره يخص قصّة لملياردير ملهم (الاسم من اختيارك عربي أوعالمي لا فرق) وأسباب التغير في ثروته مؤخرًا.- ضع عنوانا مناسبا للتقرير- ضع كابشن جذّاب لتقريرك لنشره على مواقع التواصلالاجتماعي
استعملالمقالات الانجليزية المرفقةأدناه لتكملة هذاالقسم. 1- ضع قائمةللنصوص الاخبارية التاليةحسب أولويتها. 2- أعط أسباباختيار الأخبار الثلاثةالأولى على فوربس الشرق الأوسط. 3- أكتب الخبر الأولالذي أدرجته أولا بأسلوب فوربس مع خلفياته.4- ضع عنوانا مناسبا لكل من القصص الخمسة.5- ضع كابشن مناسب لوسائل التواصلالاجتماعي (مختلفة عن العنوأن) لكل من القصص الخمسة.6- اقترح ضيفينلمقابلتهما كمتابعةلخبرك الرئيسي (ليس منالضروري ذكر اسمي الضيفين المركز ودور الشخصفقط) مع شرح لفائدةتحدثهما ومساهمتهما.1- Debenhamsshuts stores, costing 12,000 jobs UK department store chain Debenhams is toshut all its outlets, administrators for the collapsed group said Monday, withthe loss of around 12,000 jobs.Debenhams, which has long struggled withfierce online competition, will see its brand live on however after Britishonline fashion group Boohoo bought the group's intellectual property assets.Boohoo-rival ASOS meanwhile announced it wasin exclusive discussions with the administrators of Arcadia about purchasingsome of its brands, including Topshop. Arcadia and Debenhams collapsed last month --together risking the loss of 25,000 jobs -- having struggled to transition froma bricks-and-mortar business long before the coronavirus pandemic forcedshoppers online. Arcadia owner Philip Green -- once dubbed"the king of the high street" -- saw his reputation severely hit bythe high-profile collapse of UK retailer BHS in 2016."The importance of the bricks-and-mortartraditionally associated with retail brands has now fully waned," notedGordon Fletcher at the University of Salford Business School. "This is not a new realisation that hasonly been discovered during the pandemic. "However, the current lockdown situationhas forced us to cut the final ties between our favourite brands and thephysical high street," Fletcher added.Debenhams' stores will reopen following thelifting of the UK lockdown solely to liquidate stock, administrators FRPAdvisory, brought in to salvage parts of the business, said in a statementMonday."Regrettably, all the UK stores willthen be permanently closed," it added.A source close to the company told AFP thismeant that around 12,000 jobs would disappear.Debenhams, whose history dates back to thelate eighteenth century, had hoped to sell some of its 124 stores, whose staffhave been paid by the British government's furlough scheme during the pandemic.It is unclear whether British retail groupFrasers, which has been in talks with the administrators, will still snap upsome Debenhams stores.Frasers is headed by Mike Ashley, owner ofEnglish Premier League football club Newcastle United and renowned forpurchasing major retailers that have fallen from great heights.- 'Strong brands' -Boohoo said its acquisition of Debenhams'assets, including customer data, will cost it £55 million ($75 million, 62million euros).It plans to relaunch Debenhams' onlineplatform, as Boohoo looks to lead the fashion e-commerce market by entering newareas including beauty, sports and homeware."Debenhams is a long-standing andleading UK fashion and beauty retailer with high brand awareness, and anestablished online platform with approximately 300 million UK website visitsper annum," Boohoo said in a statement. "This makes it a top 10 retail websitein the UK by traffic."With an increasing shift to online, main shoppingstreets in England's towns and cities could lose another 400,000-plus jobsafter coronavirus passes, according to a recent survey by accountants KPMG.While Covid-19 has ravaged the UK retailsector, with tens of thousands of jobs being lost owing to other big-name bankruptcies,supermarkets have boomed.Arcadia, one of Britain's biggest clothingretailers, fell into administration ahead of Christmas, putting at risk afurther 13,000 roles.Arcadia, whose brands sold also in Debenhams'stores, blamed its own demise largely on coronavirus fallout.However like Debenhams, Arcadia alsostruggled to make the transition into a leading online company.ASOS on Monday said it was looking at buyingthe Topshop, Topman, Miss Selfridge and HIIT brands from Arcadia. "The board believes this would representa compelling opportunity to acquire strong brands that resonate well with itscustomer base."2- THE CHANGINGFORTUNES OF THE WORLD’S RICHESTThe world’s richest person,Jeff Bezos, had a very good week. The Amazon CEO got $10 billion richer,bringing his net worth to $191.5 billion. He’s got an $8.3 billion lead overTesla CEO Elon Musk (net worth: $183.2 billion), who briefly claimed the topspot this month before falling back to second place. Even better for Bezos? Hisboost this week comes in part thanks to the departure of Donald Trump, aconstant critic of Amazon and the Bezos-owned Washington Post.On Inauguration Day, Amazonexecutive Dave Clark sent a letter to Biden offering Amazon’s resources to helpdistribute the vaccine. “We are prepared to leverage our operations,information technology, and communications capabilities and expertise to assistyour administration’s vaccination effort,” he wrote. Clark also took theopportunity to advocate prioritizing vaccinating Amazon’s 800,000 employees,most of whom are essential frontline workersFacebook CEO MarkZuckerberg (net worth: $100.4 billion) gained $7.9 billion this week, thanksnot only to general optimism around the new administration, but also because ofWall Street’s increased confidence in the social media giant. BMO CapitalMarkets analyst Daniel Salmon upgraded the stock on Tuesday, citing the strengthof Facebook’s ecommerce platform and an expectation that it would face fewerhurdles in its ad targeting business moving forward. He set its price target at$325, some 18% higher than where the stock stands now. Google cofounders LarryPage (net worth: $83 billion) and Sergey Brin (net worth: $80.6 billion) gained$6.6 billion and $6.3 billion, respectively, on the tech stock rally. But itwasn’t all good news for Google this week. The company decided to shut downLoon, its effort to bring high-speed internet to remote parts of the worldusing balloons. It is also dealing with an ongoing antitrust lawsuit filed by10 states, which accuses Google of colluding with Facebook to corner the onlineadvertising marketplace. Google requested that the trial be moved to Californiafrom Texas, where the suit was filed. If the company gets its wish, it mightface a more tech-friendly jury. European stocks also roseon Biden’s inauguration, fueled by hopes that the new president will repair therelationships strained by the former president. European Commission PresidentUrsula von der Leyen went as far as tweeting on Wednesday that “the UnitedStates is back.” Bernard Arnault, chair of luxury conglomerate LVMH and therichest man in Europe, got$5.6 billion richer this week. 3- Google Is The LatestCompany To Turn Its Facilities Into Covid-19 Vaccination SitesGoogle will make some of its facilities — buildings, parkinglots, and open spaces — available as Covid-19 vaccination clinics, the companyannounced on Monday, joining companies like Disney, Amazon and Starbucks whoare working closely with local and state governments to help speed up the massinoculation process.Inan official announcement, made by company CEO Sundar Pichai, Google unveiledplans to open vaccination sites in Los Angeles, San Francisco, Kirkland,Washington, and New York City first, and expand into other parts of the countryas more vaccines become available. Thecompany has also pledged $150 million to promote education and help with theequitable distribution of the vaccines. Aspart of the plan, the CDC Foundation, the World Health Organization, and otherunspecified nonprofits will receive $100 million in ad grants, allowing them toaccess online advertising slots worth that amount.Googlesays there has been a five-fold increase in the search phrase “vaccines nearme” since the start of this year. In the next few weeks, Google will startshowing vaccination locations in search results and Google Maps in Arizona,Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas, while more states will be added later. 4- EU urges tightertravel curbs as vaccine delays hitThe EuropeanCommission on Monday urged tougher Covid-19 screening of travellers as itfrantically seeks to get to the bottom of vaccine delivery delays jeopardisingits inoculation strategy. The EUexecutive called on the 27 member states to impose pre-trip PCR tests for alltravellers allowed into the European Union -- presently only on"essential" business -- and quarantine on arrival if they came fromzones where more-contagious virus variants were spreading. Italso recommended a similar heightened testing and quarantine regime, wherepossible, for essential travellers between -- or even within -- EU countrieswith high-risk areas classed as "deep red" by the European Centre forDisease Prevention and Control. "Thesituation in Europe with the new variants have led us to take difficult butnecessary decisions. We need to keep safe and discourage non-essentialtravel," Commission chief Ursula von der Leyen tweeted. Therecommendations added even more restrictions to the EU's cherishedpassport-free Schengen zone, underscoring Brussels' deepening worries about alooming third wave of the coronavirus pandemic made far worse by the variants. Thesense of urgency has escalated with British-Swedish pharmaceutical groupAstraZeneca announcing last Friday it will not meet its Covid-19 vaccinedelivery commitments to the EU. Thatcame a week after US group Pfizer said its doses, developed with German partnerBioNTech and made in Europe in a Belgian factory, would also be delayed. Together,those announcements risked up-ending vaccination programmes that depend onpeople getting two jabs weeks apart. Thatwould potentially trash von der Leyen's pledge made just a week ago toinoculate 70 percent of adults in the EU by the end of August. Itwould also have a knock-on effect for the EU's plan to contribute excess dosesto a World Health Organization-led COVAX initiative to provide vaccines topoorer nations around the world. - EUpressure on AstraZeneca - Vonder Leyen spoke with AstraZeneca CEO Pascal Soriot early on Monday, and memberstates were pressing the company for answers and a rapid solution in furthertalks during the day, Commission spokesman said. AstraZenecalast Friday blamed "reduced yields" in its European supply chain forthe dose delay. The EuropeanCommission did not elaborate on the purported problem or what recourses existin the contract, but a spokesman said: "The Commission expects contractualobligations to be met. This is crucial for the safety of our citizens." TheEuropean Union has authorised two vaccines for jabs, the BioNTech/Pfizer andModerna ones, and is poised to do so with AstraZeneca with the understandingthat production and distribution would allow for immediate roll-out. On theEU's proposed travel restrictions, the Commissioner for justice, DidierReynders, noted that member states retained responsibility in health mattersand travel within their territories. But,he said, the new variants with high infectivity -- coming from former EU memberBritain, South Africa and Brazil -- meant "there is an urgent need toreduce the risk of travel-related infections to lessen the burden onoverstretched healthcare systems". FellowCommissioner Ylva Johansson, in charge of EU internal affairs, said that thebloc was still moving towards a European passenger locator form -- a documenttracing travellers' movements and their exposure to Covid-19 risk -- that hadbeen promised to be operational last month. Sheadded that, even with the extra restrictions being urged, "it's importantwe keep essential travel possible" across the EU's internal borders --including for family and romantic partners, because "love remainsessential". 5- World lostequivalent of 255 mn jobs in 2020: UN The coronavirus pandemic took a huge toll on global jobs lastyear, the United Nations said Monday, with the equivalent of more than aquarter of a billion lost. In a fresh study, the UN's International Labour Organization (ILO)found that a full 8.8 percent of global working hours were lost in 2020,compared to the fourth quarter of 2019. That is equivalent to 255 million full-time jobs, or"approximately four times greater than the number lost during the 2009global financial crisis," the ILO said in a statement. "This has been the most severe crisis for the world of worksince the Great Depression of the 1930s," ILO chief Guy Ryder toldreporters in a virtual briefing. Since surfacing in China just over a year ago, the virus haskilled more than 2.1 million people, infected tens of millions of others andhammered the global economy. The UN labour agency explained that around half of the lostworking hours were calculated from reduced working hours for those remaining inemployment. But the world also saw "unprecedented levels of employmentloss" last year, it said. Official global unemployment shot up by 1.1 percent, or 33 millionmore people, to a total of 220 million and a worldwide jobless rate of 6.5percent last year. - Lost talents, skills - Ryder stressed that another 81 million people did not register asunemployed but "simply dropped out of the labour market". "Either they are unable to work perhaps because of pandemicrestrictions or social obligations or they have given up looking for work,"he said. "And so their talents, their skills, their energy have beenlost, lost to their families, lost to our society, lost to us all." The lost working hours last year shrank global labour income by afull 8.3 percent, the ILO said. That amounts to a drop of some $3.7 trillion, or 4.4 percent ofoverall global gross domestic product (GDP), it added. The emergence of several safe and effective vaccines againstCovid-19 has raised hopes that the world will soon be able to rein in thepandemic. But the ILO cautioned that the prospects for a global labourmarket recovery this year are "slow, uneven and uncertain." The organisation pointed to the uneven impact the crisis had hadon the world's workers, affecting women and younger workers far more thanothers. Globally, employment losses for women last year stood at fivepercent, compared with 3.9 percent for men. Women are more likely to work in the harder-hit sectors of theeconomy, and also have taken on more of the burden of, for instance, caring forchildren forced to stay home from school. - 'Lost generation' - Younger workers were also far more likely to lose jobs, withemployment loss among 15-24-year-olds at 8.7 percent globally, compared with3.7 percent for older workers. Many young people also put off trying to enter the labour marketgiven the complicated conditions last year, the ILO found, warning that therewas truly an "all too real risk of a lost generation". Monday's report also highlighted the uneven impact on differentsectors, with accommodation and food services the worst affected, showing adrop in employment of more than 20 percent. By contrast, employment swelled in the information andcommunication fields, as well as in finance and insurance. Looking forward, the ILO called on countries to provide particularsupport to the hardest-hit groups and sectors, and also to sectors likely to beable to generate numerous jobs quickly. It stressed the need for more support to poorer countries withfewer resources to promote employment recovery. The report sketched out three recovery scenarios for 2021,depending on support measures provided at the national and international level. The pessimistic scenario saw an additional 4.6-percent drop inworking hours, and even the most optimistic scenario anticipated that workinghours would contract by a further 1.3 percent this year, corresponding to 36million full time jobs.
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