Confined Space Awareness Training

Confined Space Awareness Training
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Purpose

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The purpose of this confined space training is to:

Ensure the safety of all employees and contractors working for the CompanyTo comply with all regulations that pertain to confined spacesInform all workers of the requirements of the the Company Confined Spaces Program
Scope

Each box must be checked to serve as proof that you received the following information!
This training module covers:

Company employees, consultants and other contractor workers that may be involved in confined space entry activitiesWhen work is performed by a contractor or consultant on a company site the contractors program shall take precedenceThe Company Confined Space Program as well as this training module may be adopted for use by contractors who do not have a formal Confined Space Program or training program

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Definitions
Acceptable entry conditions: the conditions that must exist in a confined space to allow entry and to ensure that employees involved with a confined space entry can safely enter into and work within the space.

Attendant: an individual stationed outside one or more Confined spaces who monitors the authorized entrants and who performs all Attendant's duties assigned in the VLakewoodEnergy Confined Spaces Program. Attendants must have sufficiently completed and fully understands the Confined Space training and are approved by the HSE Manager to work in a confined space as an Attendant.

Authorized Entrant: an individual who is authorized by the Company to enter a confined space. Entrants must have sufficiently completed and fully understands the Confined Space training and are approved by the HSE Manager to work in a confined space as an Authorized Entrant.

Blanking or Blinding: the absolute closure of a pipe, line, or duct by the fastening of a solid plate (such as a spectacle blind or a skillet blind) that completely covers the bore and that is capable of withstanding the maximum pressure of the pipe, line, or duct with no leakage beyond the plate.

Confined Space: A space that is large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform assigned work; Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (for example, tanks, vessels, coolers, storage bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits are spaces that may have limited means of entry); and Is not designed for continuous occupancy.

Double block and bleed: the closure of a line, duct, or pipe by closing and locking or tagging two in-line valves and by opening and locking or tagging a drain or vent valve in the line between the two closed valves.

Emergency: any occurrence (including any failure of hazard control or monitoring equipment) or an event internal or external to the confined space that could endanger Entrants.

Engulfment: the surrounding and effective capture of a person by a liquid or finely divided (flowable) solid substance that can be aspirated to cause death by filling or plugging the respiratory system or that can exert enough force on the body to cause death by strangulation, constriction, or crushing.

Entry: the action by which a person passes through an opening into a confined space. Entry includes ensuing work activities in that space and is considered to have occurred as soon as any part of the Entrant's body breaks the plane of an opening into a confined space.

Entry permit: means the written or printed document that is provided by the Company to allow and control entry into a confined space that contains the information specified in this program.

Entry Supervisor: the person responsible for determining if acceptable entry conditions are present at a confined space where entry is planned, for authorizing entry and overseeing entry operations, and for terminating entry as required by this section; Entry Supervisors must have sufficiently completed and fully understands the Confined Space training and is approved by the HSE Manager to work in a confined space; An Entry Supervisor also may serve as an Attendant or as an authorized entrant, as long as that person is trained and equipped as required by this section for each role he or she fills. Also, the duties of Entry Supervisor may be passed from one individual to another during the course of an entry operation; The Entry Supervisor is responsible to test and monitor the atmospheric conditions.

Hazardous atmosphere: an atmosphere that may expose employees to the risk of death, incapacitation, and impairment of ability to self-rescue (that is, escape unaided from a confined space), injury, or acute illness from one or more of the following causes: Flammable gas, vapor, or mist in excess of 10 percent of its lower flammable limit (LFL), (0% is normal); Atmospheric oxygen concentration below 19.5 percent or above 23.5 percent, (20.9 % is normal); Any other atmospheric condition that is immediately dangerous to life or health. (Ex.-H2S 10%, 0% is normal). Note: For air contaminants for which OSHA has not determined a dose or permissible exposure limit, other sources of information, such as Safety Data Sheets that comply with the Hazard Communication Standard, published information, and internal documents can provide guidance in establishing acceptable atmospheric conditions.

Hot work permit: the written authorization to perform operations (for example, riveting, welding, cutting, burning, and heating) capable of providing a source of ignition.

Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH): any condition that poses an immediate or delayed threat to life or that would cause irreversible adverse health effects or that would interfere with an individual's ability to escape unaided from a confined space. Note: Some materials -- hydrogen fluoride gas and cadmium vapor, for example -- may produce immediate transient effects that, even if severe, may pass without medical attention, but are followed by sudden, possibly fatal collapse 12-72 hours after exposure. The victim "feels normal" from recovery from transient effects until collapse. Such materials in hazardous quantities are considered to be “immediately dangerous to life or health”.

Inerting: the displacement of the atmosphere in a permit space by a non-combustible gas (such as nitrogen) to such an extent that the resulting atmosphere is non-combustible. This procedure produces an IDLH oxygen-deficient atmosphere.

Isolation: the process by which a confined space is removed from service and completely protected against the release of energy and material into the space by such means as blanking or blinding, misaligning or removing sections of lines, pipes, or ducts; a double block and bleed system, lockout or tagout of all sources of energy, or blocking or disconnecting all mechanical linkages.

Line Breaking: the intentional opening of a pipe, line, or duct that is or has been carrying flammable, corrosive, or toxic material, an inert gas, or any fluid at a volume, pressure, or temperature capable of causing injury.

Non-Permit Confined Space: A confined space that does not contain or, with respect to atmospheric hazards, have the potential to contain any hazard capable of causing death or serious physical harm.

Oxygen deficient atmosphere: an atmosphere containing less than 19.5 percent oxygen by volume.

Oxygen enriched atmosphere: an atmosphere containing more than 23.5 percent oxygen by volume.

Permit-Required Confined Space: a confined space that has one or more of the following characteristics: Contains or has a potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere; Contains a material that has the potential for engulfing an entrant; Has an internal configuration such that an Entrant could be trapped or asphyxiated by inwardly converging walls or by a floor which slopes downward and tapers to a smaller cross-section; Contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazard.

Permit system: the employer's written procedure for preparing and issuing permits for entry and for returning the confined space to service following termination of entry.

Prohibited condition: any condition in a confined space that is not allowed by the permit during the period when the entry is authorized.

Rescue service: the personnel designated to rescue employees from Permit-Required Confined Spaces.

Retrieval system: the equipment (including a retrieval line, chest or full-body harness, wristlets, if appropriate, and a lifting device or anchor) used for non-entry rescue of persons from confined spaces.

Testing: the process by which the hazards that may confront Entrants of a confined space are identified and evaluated. Testing includes specifying the tests that are to be performed in the permit space.

Affected Employees, Consultants and Contractor Workers:

Shall attend Confined Space Entry training commensurate with their duties and when duties change as required.Shall comply with all aspects of this program at a minimum.Authorized Entrants, Attendants and Entry Supervisors may be any Company employee, consultant or contract worker that is authorized by management to work in a confined space setting and that has been trained and is proficient in the understanding of program requirements.

Authorized Entry Supervisor:

Shall have a tailgate safety meeting, with all workers to be involved in the confined space entry and review the job to be performed and what safety concerns may be present- a meeting form is available at https://safehe.com/.Shall confirm that all isolation, Lock/out and Tag/outs have been completed prior to entry into a confined space.Shall ensure that the requirements of this program are followed and maintained.Shall test all atmosphere conditions prior to entry and shall complete and maintain the confined space permit form, and have it accessible for review on the job site at all times.Shall notify the Company supervisor of entry into a confined space, and notify the supervisor of any changes that may occur, during an entry.If the confined space poses a hazard that cannot be eliminated, the Entry Supervisor must arrange for rescue services or by using a non-entry rescue system.If the confined space poses no hazards to the Entrants, the Entry Supervisor can reclassify the confined space to a Non-Permit Confined Space.A stand-by rescue team is not required to be on site for Non-Permit Confined Space entries.

Procedures

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Non-Permit Confined Space Entry:

If testing of the confined space atmosphere is within acceptable limits without the use of forced air ventilation and the space is properly isolated, the space can be entered by following the requirements for Level I confined space entry.Entrants shall be given the opportunity to observe and participate in the air monitoring process.Entrants shall review and sign the confined space permit that was used to deem the space a non-permit required confined space.Employees may enter and work in the confined space as long as LEL, O2, and toxicity hazards remain at safe levels.Complete the your company Confined Space Entry Permit to document that there are no confined space hazards.Make this certification available to all personnel entering the space.A trained Attendant must always be outside the confined space. The Attendant must monitor the authorized Entrants for the duration of the entry operation.Exception: The Attendant requirements for Level I confined space entry may be exempted, if the job assessment is performed and has determined that there are no inherent dangers to allow single person entry- this provision is intended to permit field operations to enter crankcases, shallow valve boxes, cellars, excavations, etc. without an Attendant being present and all other aspects of the entry permit complied with. When there are changes in the use and configuration of a confined space that might increase the hazards to the Entrants (e.g., using epoxy coating on a tank floor, welding, painting, etc.), re-evaluate the space, andContinuously monitor the confined space atmosphere to ensure that it is still safe; The space must not contain a hazardous atmosphere while personnel are inside; If a hazardous atmosphere is detected during an entry, personnel must immediately evacuate the space; Re-evaluate the space to determine how the hazardous atmosphere developed; The Entry Supervisor shall cancel the entry permit; Take action to protect personnel before any subsequent activity to re-enter the space takes place; Reissue the Confined Space Entry Permit before allowing Entrants to re-enter the space; If necessary, reclassify the space as a Permit Required Confined Space; Ensure that vehicle or other equipment exhaust does not enter the space.

Pre-Job Planning and Space Preparation:

The Entry Supervisor must determine that the confined space is properly isolated by blinding, disconnecting, and/or by following local Lockout/Tagout procedures.The Entry Supervisor must discuss with all Entrants the hazards of the space, communication methods and emergency procedures during the confined space entry.Eliminate any condition making it unsafe to open the equipment to atmosphere.Promptly guard the opening to prevent an accidental fall through the opening and to protect each employee working in the space from foreign objects entering the space.If applicable, wash, steam, ventilate or degas the confined space to properly free it of possible contaminants. Vent vapors to a safe location.Do not allow unauthorized personnel to enter a confined space. Barricade and/or guard all confined spaces to prevent entry of unauthorized Entrants.If performing hot work in the confined space, precautions must be taken consistent with the the Company Hot Work Permit procedure.Ensure that vehicle or other equipment exhaust does not enter the space.

Pre-Entry Safety Meeting

The Entry Supervisor must declare when the confined space is ready for entry.The Entry Supervisor shall hold a pre-entry safety meeting to discuss all requirements and procedures with all authorized Entrant(s) and Attendant(s) involved with the entry. He/she will discuss other concerns such as previous contents, vessel coating, PPE required etc., during this meeting.The Entry Supervisor must coordinate entry operations when employees of more than one company are working simultaneously in the confined space. This coordination is necessary so that one company’s work does not endanger the employees of another company.

Air Monitoring:

Before an employee enters the space, the internal atmosphere shall be tested with a calibrated direct-reading instrument, for oxygen content, for flammable gases and vapors, and for potential toxic air contaminants, in that order. Monitoring of the space must inform the entrants of the potential hazards and results and they must participate in the permit review and signing.Air shall be periodically tested while continuous ventilation is applied.Any employee, who enters the space, or that employee's authorized representative, shall be provided an opportunity to observe the pre-entry testing required by this paragraph.Employees are entitled to request additional air monitoring at any time.Continuous forced air ventilation must be used and tested as follows:

Ventilation- Continuous forced air ventilation must be used and tested as follows:

An employee may not enter the space until the forced air ventilation has eliminated any hazardous atmosphere;The forced air ventilation shall be so directed as to ventilate the immediate areas where an employee is or will be present within the space and shall continue until all employees have left the space;The air supply for the forced air ventilation shall be from a clean source and may not increase the hazards in the space.The atmosphere within the space shall be periodically tested as necessary to ensure that the continuous forced air ventilation is preventing the accumulation of a hazardous atmosphere. Any employee, who enters the space, or that employee's authorized representative, shall be provided with an opportunity to observe the periodic testing and may request additional monitoring at any time.If a hazardous atmosphere is detected during entry each employee shall leave the space immediately and the space shall be evaluated to determine how the hazardous atmosphere developed; and measures shall be implemented to protect employees from the hazardous atmosphere before any subsequent entry takes place.

Multiple Employer Procedure- In order not to endanger the employees of any other employer, the Entry Supervisor shall:

Verify that all contractor employees have been trained in confined space and that all contractor employees fully understand the Company procedures pertaining to Confined Space.Inform the contractor that the workplace contains permit spaces and that permit space entry is allowed only through compliance with a permit space program meeting the requirements of this section.Apprise the contractor of the elements, including the hazards identified and the employees experience with the space, that make the space in question a permit space.Inform the contractor of any precautions or procedures that the Company has implemented for the protection of employees in or near permit spaces where contractor personnel will be working.Coordinate entry operations with the contractor/s, when the personnel of multiple companies will be working in or near confined spaces.Debrief the contractor/s at the conclusion of the entry operations regarding the permit space program followed and regarding any hazards confronted or created in confined spaces during entry operations.In addition to complying with the confined space requirements that apply to all employees; each contractor, who is retained to perform permit space entry operations, shall: Obtain any available information regarding confined space hazards and entry operations from the Company Entry Supervisor, Coordinate entry operations with the Company Entry Supervisor, when workers of multiple companies will be working in or near permit spaces; Inform the Company of the confined space program that the contractor will follow and of any hazards confronted or created in the confined space, either through a debriefing or during the entry operation.

Rescue (General)

Confined space rescue training must be completed prior to a person performing or participating in rescue operations using entry methods or non-entry methods.Rescue service must be on-site for immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH) conditions while work is being performed. Rescue services must be either:Provided by the Company by selecting a rescue team that is equipped and trained to perform the needed rescue services, orProvided by an outside service which is given an opportunity to examine the entry site, practice rescue and decline as appropriate, orThe Attendant shall order the other Entrants not to move the injured nor allow untrained or unauthorized workers into the space that are not trained to handle a confined space rescue.Safety Data Sheet’s for substances that an injured Entrant was exposed to must be provided to the medical facility treating an injured worker.

Non-entry Rescue

To facilitate non-entry rescue, an Entrant must be attached to a retrieval system whenever he/she enters a Permit-Required Confined Space with a vertical depth of more than 5 feet.The retrieval equipment is not required if it will increase the overall risk of the entry, e.g., creating an entanglement hazard, or will not contribute to the rescue of the Entrant.Each Entrant shall use a full body harness equipped with a “D” ring located between the shoulders or above the head.Wristlets may be used instead of the full body harness, if the use of the full body harness is not feasible or creates a greater hazard and that using wristlets is the safest and most effective alternative.The retrieval line must be attached to the “D” ring and the other end of the retrieval line attached to a retrieval device or fixed point located outside the space so that rescue can begin as soon as the rescuer becomes aware that rescue is necessary.

Issuance/Reviewing of Permit

Only when all pre-entry requirements are satisfied, the Entry Supervisor shall issue a completed and signed confined space permit. The confined space permit is valid for one shift. The confined space permit can be found at https://safehe.com/.In the event of any unauthorized entry, employee complaints, a hazard not covered by the permit, the occurrence of an injury or near miss, the entry permit shall be cancelled and a review shall be conducted to provide employee protection and for revising the program prior to authorizing subsequent entries.

Termination and Closing or Cancelling of Permits

The Entry Supervisor shall terminate the confined space permit at the end of the job, at the end of the shift or when the Entry Supervisor or Attendant determines that conditions in or near the confined space have changed and is hazardous to the entrants.

Test

Select the best answer to the question (there is duplicate answers in this test)!

	Select the best answer
Two primary roles of the supervisor concerning confined space entry activities are to ensure the proper equipment is available and workers are properly ----,
Three conditions must be present to render a space as a non-permit required confined space: atmosphere is safe, the space is properly isolated, does not have limited or ---- means for entry of exit.
Employees may enter and work in the confined space as long as LEL, O2,and ---- hazards remain at safe levels
A manager must conduct an ---- of the confined space before entry
Signs must be present at the ---- point of confined spaces
A trained Attendant must always be outside the confined space monitoring the authorized ---- for the duration of the entry operation
Even if atmosphere testing deems the atmosphere to be safe prior to entry, additional testing is required through the ---- of confined space entry
Complete the Pulsar Helium Confined Space Entry Permit to document that there are no confined space hazards and then complete a ---- to ensure no hazards arise.
A vehicle or combustible engine such as a welding machine running near an active confined space entry is very dangerous due to the ---- coming from the confined space
If epoxy or paint is applied during a non-permit required confined space it is important to ---- monitor the space for a hazardous atmosphere
If the oxygen level of a confined space drops below ---- during entry all entrants must be removed from the space or be protected with appropriate respiratory protection.
Only qualified ---- workers may perform entry and non-entry rescues
Using a ---- to check the LEL of a confined space before entry is not an acceptable means of testing
An attendant must be awake and ---- at all times while performing attendant tasks
---- inside a confined space is never acceptable
Rescue capabilities must be available for ---- response during permit required confined space entry
It is important to remember that a non-permit required confined space entry ---- an attendant to be on duty
It is also important to remember that ---- is required for non-permit required confined space entry

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Confined Space Awareness Training

Purpose

Scope

Definitions

Responsibilities

Procedures

Test