Dr. Ananthakumar Thillainathan

About

Dr. Ananthakumar Thillainathan is a physician, an entrepreneur, and an advocate for patients. This specialist in internal medicine is the proprietor of MDCARENOW LLC, an Urgent Care that tackles the underlying cause of sickness rather than its symptoms. Thillainathan has dedicated a significant portion of his life to extending the longevity of the individuals he serves by providing access to high-quality medical treatment. However, he is more concerned with how to enhance the quality of his patients' daily lives. With many specializations, including internal and emergency medicine and addiction training, he has helped his patients gain control over their health.

Ananthakumar Thillainathan is an internist with MDCARENOW, LLC, at present. At his company, he collaborates with a team of medical experts to treat patients suffering from a range of disorders. Whether it's a newborn with colic, an elderly person who has fallen, or an overworked professional suffering from high stress, the crew is prepared to immediately address the situation.

Thillainathan has also taught his staff to assist individuals battling with addiction, a situation that is regrettably prevalent in urgent care centres and emergency rooms today. Rather than employing a one-size-fits-all approach, the team, under Thillainathan's supervision, tailors care to each individual's circumstances. This has resulted in several testimonials attesting to the fact that individuals feel heard when they describe their circumstances.

Thillainathan makes extensive use of his linguistic skills to enhance his rapport with his patients. In addition to English, he speaks Russian, Tamil, and Sinhalese, and he strives to put people at ease by explaining what is occurring and why. Dr. Thillainathan is aware that it can be difficult to seek medical treatment, especially if a person has had negative experiences with physicians in the past. As soon as individuals enter the building, they are treated with respect.

Dr. Ananthakumar Thillainathan has established an internal medicine practice from scratch since 2012. He has devoted his whole life to assisting individuals in receiving a thorough diagnosis and treatment for their diseases. He spent four years of his career working in the emergency department. He learnt how to manage his time and energy while working in such demanding settings. When selecting how and where to allocate his limited resources, he became an expert at prioritizing his overflowing to-do list so as not to jeopardize the health of his patients.

Dr. Thillainathan may be a physician, but he also had entrepreneurial aspirations. The decision to establish his own business allowed him to carve out his own niche in the market. Ananthakumar Thillainathan desired to aid patients by getting to the root of the problem in a society where many physicians frequently seek the simplest cure just to move on. He did not want them to spend their entire lives managing a problem that could have been eradicated with proper care.

Dr. Thillainathan attended medical school at the Caribbean's Spartan Health Sciences University School of Medicine, where he got his medical degree. Internal Medicine Residency training was also undertaken at Hackensack University Medical Center in New Jersey. With over 35 years of expertise in medical education, Spartan is noted for its small class sizes and one-on-one help between professors and students.

In addition to professional growth, Spartan is renowned for offering students a safe and tranquil study environment. In a competitive sector like medicine, this benefit assists physicians in putting patients ahead of personal motivation. At Hackensack, the physician learnt about some of the most significant developments in his field. Recognized for their forward-thinking approach to medicine, the teachers and students on campus are taught to use some of the most cutting-edge medical equipment and practices. His academic background equipped him with the skills necessary to develop a firm that caters to patients' requirements today.

Dr. Ananthakumar Thillainathan has selected Doctors Without Borders as his charitable organization. His contribution is used to assist physicians in providing the finest possible medical treatment around the world. This organization's principal objective is not to do harm. To the staff and volunteers, this means treating everyone with respect and allowing them to make their own healthcare decisions. Above all, doctors impose the necessity of permission, a freedom that is not always enjoyed by individuals in different regions of the world. In addition, the organization feels they are obligated to speak up on behalf of its patients, which includes bringing attention to crises and injustice everywhere they visit.

Internal medicine is a speciality that focuses on treating the patient as a whole. Hence internists must be familiar with their patients. This profession requires a physician who can determine the root cause of a patient's illnesses.

Specialization in addiction medicine: addiction is a potentially lethal battle that affects more than just a person's health. Ananthakumar Thillainathan's training in addiction medicine enables him to treat one of the most destructive forces on the earth, affecting everything from a patient's livelihood to their freedom.

Internal medicine and emergency medicine may be polar opposites, but Dr. Ananthakumar Thillainathan thought there was merit in gaining knowledge of both. This new speciality has enabled him to reach harmony with his patients, resulting in improved outcomes.

Minimally invasive interventional pain care: This strategy focuses on the most effective ways to block a patient's pain so they may resume their daily activities. Prior to turning to more extreme procedures, the objective is to discover remedies that are as little intrusive as possible, such as injections and nerve blocks.

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The last stage before the Food and Medicine Administration (FDA) approves a medicine or therapy is a phase 3 clinical study. Even more, patients are involved in it.

The most efficient and thorough method for assessing the efficacy of an investigational innovative medicine is a randomized phase 3 study. With this study, researchers may balance unknown confounding factors between treatment groups and reduce selection bias.

A phase 3 clinical trial's findings can shed light on whether a new medication or treatment has the potential to help a particular patient population. This is crucial for creating a medicine since it enables the FDA and other regulatory bodies to decide whether to authorize its sale.

In comparison to earlier stages of testing, a phase 3 trial involves a significantly higher number of patients. The novel medication or a conventional illness therapy is given to each participant randomly.

By doing this, bias is reduced, and human decisions do not influence the study outcomes. When a study is double-blinded, neither the researcher nor the subject is aware of the nature of the therapy.

These studies may involve hundreds of participants and are frequently conducted in many nations and locations. They are the last stage before a regulatory body approves a medicine for use in people.

The capacity of anything, a person, or an activity, to generate the desired effects in the perfect situation is called efficacy. It is a widely used phrase in pharmacology, human and animal health, and medicine.

Clinical trials often comprise a small group of healthy individuals who receive novel medication or medical equipment. These tests establish the safety and efficacy of the medication at various dosages.

These tests, however, could only capture some of a new treatment's potential advantages. Due to this, many medications continue to phase 3 studies. Researchers compare the efficacy of the novel medication to currently used therapies in a phase 3 experiment. This offers information on the possible hazards and supporting evidence for the new treatment's efficacy.

Results from a phase 3 clinical study shed light on a new medicine or therapy's potential oomph factor and show whether or not it can succeed in practical practice. These tests not only reveal any severe side effects that should be reported to pharmacovigilance, a crucial element of medical research but also serve as a helpful pointer to how the medicine will be absorbed and utilized by patients.

In conclusion, careful preparation, in-depth research, and calculated risk-taking are the keys to a phase 3 trial's success. This results in a far more affordable product that can be quickly distributed to the general public. The hardest aspect of the procedure is deciding which clinical studies to use to evaluate and confirm the effectiveness of a medicine or treatment. The best safety and effectiveness evidence has been provided for the medications in this discipline in the most controlled settings.

A novel medicine, therapy, or medical device's potential can be gleaned from phase 3 clinical study findings. Before the FDA authorizes a new product, these studies can represent the last development phase.

In these studies, scientists examine for medical the new product's efficacy and safety in treating many patients. These studies must be carried out quickly and affordably.

Phase 3 trial expenses comprise a considerable amount of the overall expenditures in bringing a product to market. Researchers also carry out regular safety monitoring and technical support throughout this time.

Test for Primary Aldosteronism Using Fludrocortisone Suppression When one or both of the adrenal glands are affected by primary aldosteronism, too much aldosterone is produced. (bilateral disease). It's been linked to high blood pressure and potassium deficiency. Primary aldosteronism can be diagnosed with the assistance of a blood test that measures aldosterone and renin levels. Your kidneys produce these chemicals.

Hormones like these are produced by the kidneys. A blood sample is extracted from a vein in the limb. Fasting (going without food or liquids) before a medical examination may be required. This blood test can be used to identify primary hyperaldosteronism by revealing whether or not there is an excess of aldosterone in the body.

Problems with the adrenal glands are indicated by a high score. Overactivity of either gland or a benign growth on either gland can lead to adrenal problems. The majority of people with primary aldosteronism have these issues. This disease can be treated with a variety of medications. Drugs that inhibit the hormone renin, which is responsible for generating aldosterone, fall into this category.

Some of these medicines can also lower the sodium levels in your blood. As a confirmatory test for primary aldosteronism, the Captopril Challenge (CCT) is frequently used instead of the saline infusion test. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril is used in this test to ascertain whether your renin level is reduced after taking the medication. 

An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor called captopril is used in this test to see if your renin level drops after taking the medication. Patients with hypertension or other diseases can have their renin plasma levels monitored without undergoing any additional procedures with the CCT. It is equally appropriate for either the patient's house or the operating room. In order to corroborate a diagnosis of PA in a patient with an elevated ARR, additional tests like the oral sodium loading test, fludrocortisone suppression test, and captopril challenge test are recommended by the Endocrine Society guidelines. Data on the diagnostic efficacy of these procedures in Chinese subjects, however, is lacking.

However, information about these instruments' diagnostic accuracy in Chinese patients is scarce. One component of the Fludrocortisone Suppression Test for Primary Aldosteronism is the Oral Sodium Loading Test, also known as the Salt Infusion Test. Aldosterone excretion in the urine is measured after patients take 12-gram sodium chloride pills over the course of three days. The test is simple, low-cost, and can be done in the comfort of one's own home. The test does, however, come with some risk because primary aldosteronism is a salt-sensitive form of hypertension, so it's essential to be aware of that.

Since primary aldosteronism is a salt-sensitive form of hypertension, it's important to recognize that the test carries some risk. The adrenal glands' abnormal and excessive creation of aldosterone is the root cause. Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a hormonal imbalance that has many potential origins, such as adrenal tumors or hypertrophy on both sides of the body. You have sodium in your blood because it is an electrolyte, a mineral or molecule with an electric charge.

It aids in maintaining healthy blood pressure, potassium levels, and overall fluid equilibrium in the body. The hormone aldosterone is secreted by your kidneys and regulates this process. Too much aldosterone produced by the adrenal glands can lead to hypertension and other health issues. Primary hyperaldosteronism can be confirmed most accurately by measuring aldosterone levels in pee over the course of 24 hours. Your disease is present if your aldosterone level is elevated.

If your aldosterone level is high, you have this disease. Oral sodium loading, saline infusion, suppression testing with fludrocortisone, and a captopril challenge are the four procedures recommended by the Endocrine Society for the diagnosis of this condition. The fludrocortisone test is the gold standard, but it can be time-consuming and costly to administer. Unfortunately, this test also has a high rate of erroneous positives. If a patient has a result that is close to the diagnostic threshold or is ambiguous, a confirmation test should be performed.

Vaccinating a large number of young children against hepatitis A is one of the most effective approaches to avoid epidemics. It can also aid in preventing the spread of hepatitis A within a community. Hepatitis A vaccinations include a virus called hepatitis A virus that has been destroyed. (HAV). They are generally harmless and have no adverse effects.

The greatest method for preventing hepatitis A is vaccination. The vaccination is 94 to 100 percent effective at preventing illness. The first dose of the vaccine begins to function 2-4 weeks after administration, and the second dose gives lifelong protection.

Vaccination is suggested for children, some overseas visitors, individuals with certain risk factors and medical problems, and anybody else who desires vaccination. Two doses of the hepatitis A vaccination should be administered to all children at least six months apart.

Some individuals who contract hepatitis A may develop a chronic (long-term) disease. Additionally, the infection can cause severe fulminant hepatitis. Infected individuals can transmit the virus by consumption of contaminated food and drink, sexual contact, and injectable drug usage. Transmission is particularly prevalent in crowded, filthy settings with inadequate sanitation and hygiene.

Infrequent outbreaks of hospital-acquired hepatitis A have been associated to fecal incontinence in newborn critical care units and lapses in routine infection control protocols. In these circumstances, it is essential to maintain proper hand cleanliness and adhere to routine staff immunization guidelines for hepatitis A. This method has been demonstrated to reduce the frequency of HAV infections acquired in hospitals.

Hepatitis A infections are particularly prevalent in underdeveloped nations with inadequate sanitation and personal hygiene standards. Transmission occurs by direct fecal-oral contact with feces from an infected individual, as well as through ingestion of contaminated food or drink, frequently without symptoms.

A tiny proportion of infected people have life-threatening consequences, including as liver failure, pancreatitis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. These issues may necessitate a liver transplant in order to restore normal function.

In the United States, pediatric HAV immunizations are recommended for all children at 1 year of age and as a catch-up vaccine for children aged 2 to 18 who have not had the vaccine previously. The vaccination is safe and effective in the majority of individuals, providing 95 percent or more protection for 20 years or longer in adults and 85 percent or more protection for 15 to 20 years in children.

Children who go to hepatitis A-infected locations and those who have close contact with hepatitis A-infected individuals should receive routine vaccinations. Vaccination also reduces the danger of epidemics in schools and day care facilities where children are in close contact.

Vaccination and hygiene practices can be used to prevent the spread of the Hepatitis A virus. These include hand cleansing, diaper change, and sufficient nutrition. The feces-to-mouth pathway is the most prevalent mode of transmission. This occurs when a person consumes or drinks something containing trace quantities of feces from a person with hepatitis A.

Up to two weeks prior to developing signs of hepatitis A, such as jaundice, a person who has been infected may still be infectious to others. However, by the time a person begins to feel ill, the majority of the virus will have been eliminated from their stool.

Immune globulin can be administered to individuals at risk of exposure who are sensitive, although it is less effective than vaccination due to lower antibody concentrations and immunogenicity. Alternately, passive vaccination can be administered to healthy 12-month-olds with or without serologic testing.

A vaccine-preventable virus that can cause liver illness is hepatitis A. Direct contact with an infected individual, such as during intercourse or sharing food or beverages tainted with small amounts of feces, is how it is transmitted.

More than 30 states have had hepatitis A epidemics linked to person-to-person transmission since 2016. Those who are at risk for infection, such as those who use drugs or are homeless, have been the main targets of these epidemics.

Fecal-oral transmission, which occurs when infected excrement enters another person's mouth, as well as consumption of tainted food or water are other ways that hepatitis A can be passed from one person to another. Moreover, close contact with infected individuals, particularly sexual interaction, can spread hepatitis A.

Hepatitis A patients who also have other conditions may experience more severe symptoms and perhaps pass away. Also, after recovering from the initial episode, some hepatitis A patients relapse, which means they become ill once more.

Hepatitis A virus outbreaks that have been widespread and included person-to-person transmission in the United States since 2016 indicate that the epidemiology of the illness has changed, necessitating a new strategy to stop transmission. Researchers from the CDC claim that these outbreaks feature a greater hospitalization rate than has previously been recorded in the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System and a higher prevalence of illness in adults compared to children.

People of all ages can contract the highly contagious disease hepatitis A. It can be passed from person to person by feces as well as by consuming infected food or water. Those who are infected will experience symptoms like fever, malaise (low energy), loss of appetite, diarrhea, nausea, and discomfort in the abdomen. They may also have jaundice and urine that is black in color (yellowing of the skin and eyes).

Numerous infected individuals, particularly kids under the age of five, exhibit either no symptoms at all or only minor ones. Unless they suffer from immunological deficiencies or other conditions that raise the risk of consequences from hepatitis A infection, these patients may have a low risk of dying.

The strongest defense against infections and diseases linked to hepatitis A is vaccination. All infants under the age of one, visitors to nations where hepatitis A is widespread, women who are expecting, and family members or caretakers of adoptees from nations where hepatitis A is frequently transmitted are advised to get it.

A vaccination is available to protect against the highly contagious hepatitis A virus. Food and water that have been tainted by minute amounts of feces from an infected individual are the main ways that it is transmitted. Sexual contact with an infected individual can potentially spread the disease, especially if there is anal-oral contact. Another danger factor is using drugs via injection.

There are numerous injectable hepatitis A vaccinations available in the US that offer defense against this virus. One of these vaccinations contains an inactivated virus, whereas the other contains a live, attenuated virus. Hepatitis A symptoms might include jaundice, which is a yellowing of the skin or eyes, fever, appetite loss, nausea, vomiting, stomach discomfort, and black urine. Most sufferers get better within a few weeks. It's critical to get medical attention if you experience symptoms.

Diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) can be difficult. It is usually associated with a nonspecific combination of clinical and laboratory findings. DILI pathogenesis is largely determined by the interaction of a drug or its metabolites with target cells. It is divided into three types: hepatocellular, cholestatic, and mixed.

Diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) can be difficult. This is due to the fact that most cases are difficult to definitively attribute to a single medication or agent, and the time of onset, incubation period, or latency can range from 5 days to 3 months.

The most common pattern of drug-induced liver injury resembles acute viral hepatitis and is usually diagnosed by elevated serum aminotransferases (ALT, AST) or bilirubin levels in the presence of jaundice or other nonspecific acute illness symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, nausea, abdominal pain, fever, rash, or itching. In severe cases, hepatic encephalopathy with coagulopathy is common.

Elevations in alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase can also indicate a cholestatic pattern of injury. Serum total bilirubin and prothrombin time, on the other hand, are more sensitive and specific indices of severity. A grade 3 cholestatic pattern of injury is defined by a R ratio of ALT to alkaline phosphatase of 2 or less (both expressed as multiples of the upper limit of the normal range) and is most likely caused by bile duct obstruction or choledocholithiasis.

Diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury can be difficult, especially when there are multiple potential causes. Physical examination frequently reveals the cause (for example, right upper quadrant tenderness, jaundice in hepatitis, or biliary obstruction; chronicity and severity (altered mental status in encephalopathy)).

For hepatocellular injury, the most common laboratory test is ALT or AST, and for cholestatic injury, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, g-glutamyl transferase, and total bilirubin. Other tests, such as hepatic protein synthesis and prothrombin time, can be used to aid in the diagnosis of DILI.

The diagnosis of mixed injury caused by drug-induced liver damage can be difficult. Symptoms may not appear for several days or weeks after exposure to the offending drug. Fatigue and weakness, jaundice, nausea, pruritis, and encephalopathy are typical clinical features. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are typically elevated.

When a series of blood and clinical tests fail to provide a definitive diagnosis, a liver biopsy may be required. This aids in establishing causation based on the specific drugs taken by the patient. This may result in an intrinsic (IDILI) or idiosyncratic (InDILI) DILI diagnosis.

The R-ratio, which measures the ratio of ALT to ALP, indicates whether the injury is hepatocellular, cholestatic, or mixed. It is based on the presence of either ALT or ALP in serum at the time of injury. This can help guide a diagnostic evaluation. It can also be used to differentiate between drugs that cause hepatotoxicity and those that do not. This could be useful if a patient experiences new hepatotoxicity and is unsure what caused it.

Diagnosis can be difficult because it is difficult to predict when the first signs of drug-induced liver damage will appear. It may not become apparent for several weeks or months after the drug has been administered. As a result, laboratory tests for liver function are critical in the diagnosis of DILI. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, albumin, and prothrombin time are among them.

A history of drug administration and a series of clinical investigations, including liver enzyme elevations, blood chemistry changes, and imaging examinations, should be used to make a DILI diagnosis. If these investigations are insufficient, a liver biopsy should be performed to rule out other causes of liver injury.

In the past few years, many new infectious diseases, especially those that spread quickly, have caused worry. These include SARS-CoV-2, measles, and the Influenza virus. Many people worry about these contagious diseases, but there are things they can do to lower their chances of getting them.

Measles is one of the diseases that spreads the most quickly around the world. It gets passed on when people cough and sneeze. It is a very dangerous disease that can lead to serious problems. Children under the age of five are especially likely to get measles.

People who have measles often have a fever, a cough, and a rash. Most of the time, the rash shows up on the face and can last for up to six days. After this time, the rash will go away. People with measles can also get pneumonia and ear infections. These can make your health worse in the long run. Children who get measles are most likely to die from pneumonia.

Infectious diseases like SARS-CoV-2 are a threat to public health around the world. They cause a lot of trouble for the economy and a lot of pain for people. Different infectious agents that come from wild and domesticated animals are what cause these diseases. In the twenty-first century, because of global change, there is a greater chance that new diseases will appear and spread to people.

The number of people on Earth is growing, and so is their ability to move around. With more people moving around and living closer together, there may be more chances for diseases to start and spread. It's likely that these changes will change how diseases spread in local and global populations.

In 2007, the World Health Organization warned that infectious diseases were coming back at a rate that had never been seen before. These infections that are coming back are new strains of organisms that were already known to cause disease. Some of these pathogens can be zoonotic, which means they can spread from animals to people. Some, like HIV and rabies, can spread from one person to another.

During the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, the swine flu virus changed and made it easy for it to spread from person to person. This allowed the disease to spread all over the world. Even though the H1N1 virus made people sick less than the H5N1 virus found in birds, it was still dangerous to human health.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) say that "emerging infectious diseases" (EIDs) are diseases that have become more common in the last 20 years. It is known that these diseases have a big effect on society. They have caused outbreaks that have caused a lot of sickness and death. In the past, EIDs have grown quickly and have been linked to high morbidity.

A re-emerging pathogen is an infectious disease that has come back for the first time in a certain population or area. This term refers to diseases that have been found before but have come back because they have become resistant to drugs, the microbe that causes the disease has changed, or people haven't been vaccinated properly.

The BioShield project is an effort by the federal government to find medical ways to fight new infectious diseases. The goal of the program is to make a way to stop and deal with these threats that is safer, more reliable, and less expensive.

The Special Reserve Fund for Project BioShield has been given new permission by the Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness and Advancing Innovation Act. This fund will keep paying for the research and development of medical countermeasures.

Since 2004, the program has been running, and countermeasures against biothreat agents have been made. It has also made it easier to get vaccines against biological agents. One of the main goals of the program is to increase the number of effective ways to deal with CBRN agents.

Fatal fungicide-associated triazole-resistant A fumigatus has been observed in patients with pulmonary cavities and may have been associated with triazole resistance. However, the pathogenesis of deadly fungicide-associated triazole-resistant fungus remains to be defined. This article aims to elucidate the epidemiological factors responsible for developing pulmonary cavity disease in patients with fungicide-associated triazole-resistant infections.

An Aspergillus fumigatus infection resulting in death in an immunocompromised male was identified as an example of a fatal fungicide-associated triazole-resistant A. fumigatus (FRTA). This disease is associated with pulmonary cavities. Consequently, there is an urgent need for surveillance and environmental monitoring of this pathogen.

In addition to the clinical diagnosis, a positive Aspergillus fumigatus cyp51a mutation is a critical diagnostic marker. Cyp51a profiling from respiratory specimens has been associated with a direct molecular diagnosis of aspergillosis. Molecular methods may also be used to identify cryptic species that conventional testing techniques cannot.

Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a highly challenging fungal infection, as it can be difficult to diagnose and treat. The disease has high morbidity and mortality. Fortunately, there are several treatment options, including surgery. Surgical removal of the pulmonary aspergilloma is safe in immunocompetent patients. For patients with progressive disease, surgical treatment is not an option.

Aspergillus fumigatus is a common pathogen. It causes respiratory illnesses and can trigger allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompetent individuals. In addition, it is frequently associated with developing pulmonary aspergillosis in individuals with an underlying immune system dysfunction.

Environmental samples have revealed azole-resistant genotypes of A. fumigatus in the range of 98 to 289 CFU/g. These azole-resistant strains are typically found in compost. Compost is often contaminated with spores and can cause respiratory disorders in workers who process the material.

Some studies have been conducted to study the prevalence of azole-resistant strains of A. fumigatus in urban and agricultural settings. The fungi can grow from soil samples and develop from compost and organic waste.

Several studies have shown that the prevalence of fatal fungicide-associated triazole-resistant A fumigatus (ARAf) is high in agricultural settings. However, some findings have been limited to soil samples. These studies detected ARAf in various agronomic crop settings, including rice paddy, flower bulb cultivation, and cereal cultivation.

These findings highlight the need to identify agronomic hotspots. Hotspots are regions with a high level of ARAf incidence. Some factors may contribute to a hotspot. Among the most important are DMI residues and the presence of a suitable substrate. Changes in use patterns can mitigate selection and amplification.

Despite the wide range of findings, there are a few consistent patterns. Cereal soils and waste piles have been found to contain higher ARAf genotype diversity. This may be a result of post-harvest cropping operations. Similarly, the most common substrate for resistant isolates was compost created from DMI-treated flower bulb waste.

Although the prevalence of ARAf in cereals is not very high, the frequency of detecting itraconazole-resistant isolates in soil samples is relatively high. One of 16 soil samples from rice paddy fields in China carried a strain resistant to itraconazole.

One-Health solutions for combating antifungal resistance must span regional and global scales and incorporate users and producers of antifungals. This includes research to understand the evolution of antifungal resistance, to identify and address the causes of infection, and to develop new fungicidal compounds.

Agricultural fungicides have long been used to protect plant crops from fungi that cause disease. These include triazoles, commonly used in paints, wallpaper paste, and wood preservation. They are also effective against A. fumigatus. However, the frequency of azole-resistant strains has increased.

Triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) has been detected in clinical and environmental samples. Although some fungicides are intrinsically active against A. fumigatus, most were ineffective against the azole-resistant TR34/L98H isolate.