MCQs - Testing

  • Chemistry or Materials Sciences Instructions

    1. This test gauges your ability to work with content written by authors who speak English as a foreign language. Therefore, the presence of grammatical/syntactical errors in some sentences and passages is intentional.

    2. The test includes 15 questions on language (syntax, grammar, etc.) and 10 questions on comprehension (logic, inference, and subject area-specific concepts). The 10 comprehension questions are tagged accordingly.

    3. Not every comprehension question in the test will require you to refer to a passage; some comprehension questions will just test your ability to identify logically flawed statements or inferences. You may refer to online sources if you feel the need to look up some subject-specific concepts.

    4. Each question can have one or more right answers irrespective of the way the question has been phrased.

    5. Some questions ask for CORRECT options to be selected, and others ask for INCORRECT. Read each question and the options carefully.

    6. You will receive 1 point for each correct answer and -1 point (negative marking) for each incorrect answer.

    7. Please do not take this test on a cell phone/hand-held device.

    8. This is a timed test: While it typically takes 60 minutes to complete the test, you will have a maximum of 90 minutes. The comprehension questions may take longer than the ones on language, so pace yourself accordingly.

    9. The test needs to be completed in one sitting; therefore, you will not be able to pause it midway. In case the timer runs out, your test will be submitted automatically. The answers to all questions attempted will be saved automatically. If there is a power failure or network problem, you can log in again after the issue has been resolved and resume the test.

  • Chemistry or Materials Sciences Test

  • Select all options that have NO grammatical errors or awkward constructions.

  • Select all options that provide suitable and essential revisions for the following unedited sentence:

  • Two different techniques were expressed as nondestructive tools to study the optical and electrical properties of the monolayer graphene sample installed on a fused quartz substrate.
  • Select all options that have NO grammatical errors:
  • Select all options that are grammatically INCORRECT.
  • Select all options that have NO grammatical errors.
  • Which of the following sentences have an awkward construction?
  • Which of the following sentences contain NO awkward constructions?
  • Select all options that are grammatically INCORRECT.
  • Select all options with NO grammatical errors.
  • Select all options that are grammatically INCORRECT.
  • Select all options that have NO grammatical errors.
  • Select the options that have NO grammatical errors.
  • Select the options in which the underlined transition words are INCORRECTLY used (e.g., However, In contrast, Therefore, For example).
  • Which of the following sentences have an awkward phrase or construction?
  • Select the options that would NOT be suitable for the following unedited sentence: The effect of pH on the adsorption in Cr(III) on natural bentonite was evaluated.
  • COMPREHENSION: Which of the following revisions changes the meaning of the text in the following unedited passage? The downsizing and a price reduction of the electric double layer capacitor are required to put it on a car and a train. ①Therefore, it must increase capacitance per cubic meter, possible using activated carbon as electrode material.① ②We focused on shochu waste and used as activate carbon material.② Shochu is Japanese distilled liquor. ③Shochu waste occurs 2 times during the production. The shochu waste had been dumped to sea since 2001.③ But, sea dumping was exhibited based on London convention. Thereafter, shochu waste treatment has become a problem. ④We searched for the best carbonization temperature, the mixed ratio of the activating agent, the most suitable activation temperature to form a high-performance activated carbon through shochu waste.④
  • COMPREHENSION: Read the following unedited passage and identify the INCORRECT/ILLOGICAL statements from the alternatives below. Although the transmission bandwidth of optical fibers is considered as a great advantage, there is a problem with effective in using the entire bandwidth effectively. This deficiency has begun solved by using WDM technology that allows transmission of multiple optical signals on a single optical fiber by using different wavelengths. WDM technology has become very popular and widely used, base on a fact that the technology is simple to implement on the already built network.
  • COMPREHENSION: Read the following unedited passage and identify the CORRECT/LOGICAL statements from the alternatives below. In the past few years the requirements against faster transmission data rates have considerably increased. People are becoming more demanding and their efforts lead to the need of transferring as much information as possible in as short time as possible. This situation has started to address using optical fiber as a transmission medium providing high bandwidth and high transmission speeds. However, one concern is that optical fiber is fragile, sensitive to mechanical stress and bending and the many phenomena that occur in them.
  • COMPREHENSION: Read the following unedited passage and identify the INCORRECT/ILLOGICAL statements from the alternatives below. As an essential component, smart material has affected the property of the soft robot and also developed rapidly in different fields. Although researches on smart materials have been made great progress, its further application may be limited by the power source. Carbon nitride (CN) also regards as a promising material in a variety of applications ranging from robot, to photocatalysis, bioimaging and energy storage. Compared with other synthetic techniques, the simplest way for preparing CN is the thermal condensation of nitrogen-containing precursors. It has been widely concerned in the study of CN by changing morphology and composition to regulate its properties.
  • COMPREHENSION: Which of the following revisions changes the meaning of the text in the following unedited passage? In this study, successful synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) by the modified Hummers method, as the precursor for preparing graphene. The structures of materials were measured by Fourier-transform infrared spectra analyzer and X-ray diffraction. The transmission electron microscopy and dynamic force microscopy analyses showed successful preparation of GO films on microscopic morphology. The presentation of oxygen-containing functional groups, such as C=O and C–O, confirmed that the graphite indeed was oxidized into GO and was consistent with the literatures.
  • COMPREHENSION: Read the following unedited passage and pick the statement(s) that is/are accurate among the options provided. The environment is negatively affected by emissions of conventional internal combustion (IC) engines, since they emit a lot of greenhouse gases and other harmful pollutants. This necessitates the search for alternative fuels with low carbon emissions for IC engines [1–2]. Hydrogen, a clean and renewable resource, is considered a promising candidate by many researchers [3–5]. Automobile manufacturers have developed hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines (HICEs) and tests have shown that HICEs have good power performance and reliability, with almost zero carbon emissions [6–10]. However, NOX is one of the major pollutants emitted by HICEs. HICEs usually generate large amounts of NOX emissions under high loads, which is an inevitable phenomenon and is attributed to the temperature rise in the cylinder [11–14]. Technologies such as lean burn, retarded ignition, and exhaust gas recirculation have been found to be effective in reducing NOX emissions. These studies have investigated the variation in NOX emissions with changes in the control parameters of IC engines, using experimental methods. However, the mechanism of NOX formation has not been discussed in sufficient detail.
  • COMPREHENSION: Read the following unedited passage and pick the statement(s) that is/are accurate among the options provided. Natural water environments are threatened by several harmful chemicals derived from artificial products [1]. Many of these chemicals are endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which pose a threat to the environment and human health (e.g., causing reproductive and sexual abnormalities) [2]. Bisphenol A (BPA), a representative EDC, is highly soluble in water (120 to 300 mg/L), and it is found in drinking, surface, and wastewaters because it is not completely removed during conventional wastewater treatment [5].Several methods, including physical separations ([6], [7]), biological methods ([1], [5]), and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) ([2], [8], [9]), have been developed to remove BPA from aqueous solutions. Separation methods, such as adsorption and filtration, are not suitable for low concentrations of BPA when considering the removal efficiency and cost. Additionally, detachment and reprocessing treatments for BPA are required after separation from solution [10]. BPA is readily degraded by microorganisms [11]; however, when using biological methods, the treatment time typically increases linearly with the concentration of BPA.
  • COMPREHENSION: Read the following unedited passage and pick the statement(s) that is/are accurate among the options provided. We studied the way in which the Fe content affected on the contact resistance of the electroplated Au-Fe alloy layers subjected to thermal aging in the atmosphere. As there was rise in the Fe content, The contact resistance of the layers after thermal aging significantly increased. As a result of the surface analysis through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and FE-TEM, it was found that the Ni of underlayers was diffused to the surface of the electroplated layers by thermal aging, and the diffused Ni reacted with the oxygen in the atmosphere to form NiO and Ni2O3. This led to the significantly increased contact resistance of the electroplated Au-Fe alloy layers after thermal aging. The contents of Ni and O on the surface of the electroplated Au-Fe alloy layers were higher as the Fe content increased because there was an increase in area of grain boundaries, through which Ni can diffuse, as the Fe content rose. For this reason, it is believed that the contact resistance of the electroplated Au-Fe alloy layers subjected to thermal aging increased as the Fe content rose.
  • COMPREHENSION: Read the following unedited passage and pick the incorrect statement(s) among the options provided. An antifreeze surface was developed by grafting antifreeze protein (AFP) on a solid surface. For efficient grafting of AFP, a solid surface was treated with tannic acid (TA) which is known to interact with proteins; and immersing of TA-coated substrates in an AFP solution brought about immobilization of AFP. Freezing time of water droplets on an AFP-immobilized Al surface was compared with that of an uncoated Al surface, with significantly delayed freezing observed on the AFP-immobilized surface. Wang et al. reported that polydopamine and hyaluronic acid coatings prevent ice formation and reduce ice adhesion on metal surfaces such as copper, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy. Our proposed method is not applicable to large surface areas; but, there is advantage that the method can proceed under mild condition and without a need for complicated instrumentation. As future work, we believe that incorporating spray techniques in the process of using a TA coating followed by AFP immobilization will provide a practical method for achieving antifreeze coatings on large surface areas.
  • COMPREHENSION: Read the following unedited passage and pick the statement(s) that is/are accurate among the options provided. High-density polymer brushes consist of polymers tethered to a solid substrate. Because there is excluded volume effect which acts between neighboring polymer chains and high osmotic pressure present when an appropriate solvent is used, these polymer brushes are oriented perpendicular to the solid substrate. Since high-density polymer brushes consisting of polypeptides were first introduced 25 years ago, various kinds of polymer brushes consisting of polypeptide derivatives, with helical structure, have been reported. Whereas very little attention has been paid for controlling helical structure of polymer brush prepared from vinyl monomers. It is widely known that when syndiotactic PMMA (st-PMMA) and isotactic PMMA (it-PMMA) are mixed, multi-helical stereocomplex is formed. If this notion will be applied to high-density polymer brush with well-controlled stereoregularity, it is anticipated that high-density polymer brush with multi-helical structure will be formed.
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