PERMA MODEL OVERVIEW
In his 2011 book Flourish, Dr. Martin Seligman, Distinguished Professor of Psychology at the University of Pennsylvania and one of the founders of the field of positive psychology, defined 5 pillars of wellbeing: PERMA (positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, accomplishment). The PERMA-Profiler (ie test created) measures these five pillars, along with negative emotion and health.
P and N = Positive and Negative emotions
Emotions are an important part of our well-being. Emotions can range from very negative to very positive, and range from high arousal (e.g., excitement, explosive) to low arousal (e.g., calm, relaxed, sad). For Positive emotion, the PERMA-Profiler measures general tendencies toward feeling contentment and joy.
For Negative emotion, the Profiler measures tendencies toward feeling, sad, anxious, and angry.
E = Engagement
Engagement refers to being absorbed, interested, and involved in an activity or the world itself. Very high levels of engagement are known as a state called “flow”, in which you are so completely absorbed in an activity that you lose all sense of time.
R = Relationships
Relationships refer to feeling loved, supported, and valued by others. Having positive relationships with others is an important part of life feeling good and going well. Other people matter!
M = Meaning
Meaning refers to having a sense of purpose in life, a direction where life is going, feeling that life is valuable and worth living, or connecting to something greater than ourselves, such as religious faith, a charity or a personally meaningful goal. Meaning provides a sense that life matters.
A = Accomplishment
Accomplishment can be objective, marked by honors and awards received, but feelings of mastery and achievement is also important. The Profiler measures subjective feelings of accomplishment and staying on top of daily responsibilities. It involves working toward and reaching goals, and feeling able to complete
tasks and daily responsibilities.
H = Health
Although not part of the PERMA model itself, physical health and vitality is another important part of wellbeing. The Profiler measures a subjective sense of health – feeling good and healthy each day.