North Dakota EMS for Children Sickle Cell Disease Quiz
After watching the presentation, complete this quiz with a minimum of 10 correct answers to receive one (1) hour of LCCR.
1.What is Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)?
a. An inherited muscle disorder of the hands named after a common harvest tool
b. An inherited disorder of the hemoglobin that causes red blood cells (RBC) to become misshapen into a sickle or crescent shape
c. A blood disorder caused by the S. helminthiases species of hookworm
2. Common ancestries to see SCD in are:?
a. African ancestry
b. Caribbean
c. Middle Eastern
d. Central America
e. South America
f. Native American
g. All but f.
3. What is a Vaso-Occlusive Event (VOE), formerly referred to as a Pain Crisis?
a. Obstruction of the blood vessels leads to a decrease in oxygen to tissues
b. Increased breakdown of RBC (hemolysis) depletes nitric oxide
c. Red blood cells adhere to the endothelium causing tissue infraction
d. Nervous system sensitization to the pain
e. All of the above
4. What is the only relevant factor in determining the pain a SCD patient is in?
a. Heartrate and blood pressure
b. If they are on their phone
c. They live in chronic pain so they don't experience acute pain
d. What the patient tells you
5. Match the VOE to the age group:
Frequent Hospitalizations
Increased use of opioids
Finger and toe dactylitis
Occasional visit to ER
Onset of chronic pain features
0 - 23 Months
2 - 4 years
5 - 12 years
13 - 18 years
19 years and over
6. How is pain best treated in a VOE?
a. Pain medication administered within 30 minutes of contact
b. Use of intranasal fentanyl
c. Use of IV Tylenol
d. Use of Toradol, Tylenol, or ibuprofen
e. Use of warm packs and distraction
f. Listen to the patient about what works for them
g. Understanding that opioid dose may be higher than what is normally seen
h. All of the above
7. How has hydroxyurea helped people with SCD? Select TWO.
They live into their early 20s
It can reduce the risk of VOE
They live into their 50-60s
They can't pass it on to their children
8. What are the symptoms of Acute Chest?
a. Tachypnea
b. Fever
c. Hypoxia (below 90%)
d. Chest pain
e. Cough, rales, or wheezes
f. If a patient shows any of the above they should be treated as having an Acute Chest
9. How is Acute Chest managed in the ambulance?
a. Administer oxygen to keep sats above 95%
b. Manage pain with warmth
c. ALS intercept
d. Watch IV fluids carefully
e. Consider Albuterol for patient who is wheezing
f. Do not worry about treating pain
g. All of the above
h. A, B, C, D, and E
10. When is the highest risk of stroke present in a SCD patient?
Between 2 - 8 years old
Between 0 - 24 months
Between 9 - 18 years old
11. True or False: Regardless of age, if a patient has SCD or is of African descent you should always evaluate for stroke.
True
False
12. True or False: More cases of VOE will happen in the winter and fall months.
True
False
13. True or False: Automatically bolus people with SCD.
True
False
14. True or False: North Dakota screens for Sickle Cell Disease as part of the Newborn Screening Program
True
False
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