Case Studies in Improving HIV Prevention through Current and Emerging Strategies (Web)

A. Discuss PrEP with all sexually active adults and adolescents.B. Offer PrEP to those who request it, even when no risk factors have been identified.C. Limit sexual history assessments only to those whom they suspect are having multiple partners.D. Clinicians familiarize themselves with the evolving terminology referring to sex, gender identity, and sexual orientation.

Congratulations. The best choice is C. In the 2021 PrEP guidelines, the CDC recommends that clinicians should discuss sexual health needs broadly with patients including all age groups, both sexes, all genders, and both married and unmarried persons. The clinician can explain that taking a brief sexual history is routine practice for all patients in order to provide individually appropriate sexual health care.

References: 2021 CDC PrEP guidelines

Sorry, the correct answer is C. In the 2021 PrEP guidelines, the CDC recommends that clinicians should discuss sexual health needs broadly with patients including all age groups, both sexes, all genders, and both married and unmarried persons. The clinician can explain that taking a brief sexual history is routine practice for all patients in order to provide individually appropriate sexual health care.

References: 2021 CDC PrEP guidelines

A. Lenacapavir is now supported for use in pregnancy by the FDA, IAS-USA, and the WHO.B. Lenacapavir is not present in breastmilk.C. In the PURPOSE2 trial, participants who became pregnant had to transition off lenacapavir to oral TDF/FTC.D. Lenacapavir levels decline significantly in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Congratulations. The best answer is A. LEN use in pregnancy is supported by several agencies or guidelines. In the PURPOSE1 trial, lenacapavir was found to be present in breastmilk (median milk-to-plasma ratio: 0.63 [n=8 matched pairs]); LEN exposure in infant plasma was low (median breastfed-infant-to-mother plasma ratio: 0.05 [n=11 matched pairs]). Also in the trial, participants who became pregnant could opt to re-consent and remain on randomized study drug or receive open-label TDF/FTC. Predicted lenacapavir exposure was not statistically significantly different by pregnancy trimester or postpartum status compared with non-pregnant/lactating participants.

References: Bekker, et al. NEJM. 2024;391:1179. and Bekker, et al, 12th IAS Conference on HIV Science (IAS 2025); July 13-17, 2025; Kigali, Rwanda.

Sorry, the best answer is A. LEN use in pregnancy is supported by several agencies or guidelines. In the PURPOSE1 trial, lenacapavir was found to be present in breastmilk (median milk-to-plasma ratio: 0.63 [n=8 matched pairs]); LEN exposure in infant plasma was low (median breastfed-infant-to-mother plasma ratio: 0.05 [n=11 matched pairs]). Also in the trial, participants who became pregnant could opt to re-consent and remain on randomized study drug or receive open-label TDF/FTC. Predicted lenacapavir exposure was not statistically significantly different by pregnancy trimester or postpartum status compared with non-pregnant/lactating participants.

References: Bekker, et al. NEJM. 2024;391:1179. and Bekker, et al, 12th IAS Conference on HIV Science (IAS 2025); July 13-17, 2025; Kigali, Rwanda.

A. Having commercial insurance.B. Young adult age.C. Cismale gender.D. Experiencing minimal medication side effects.

Congratulations. The best answer is B. Analysis of the Kaiser Permanente Northern California PrEP cohort revealed that young adults (ages 18-25) were a group with lower PrEP persistence. And while PrEP initiations for young adults increased between 2016-2023, the persistence rate decreased, particularly among ages 18-21. Answers A, C, and D are not specific factors for lower PrEP persistence.

Reference: Hojilla, et al. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(8):e2117786; Hill, et al. J Gen Intern Med. 9 May 2025.

Sorry, the best answer is B. Analysis of the Kaiser Permanente Northern California PrEP cohort revealed that young adults (ages 18-25) were a group with lower PrEP persistence. And while PrEP initiations for young adults increased between 2016-2023, the persistence rate decreased, particularly among ages 18-21. Answers A, C, and D are not specific factors for lower PrEP persistence.

Reference: Hojilla, et al. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(8):e2117786; Hill, et al. J Gen Intern Med. 9 May 2025.

YesNoRemained the same

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The content covered was useful and relevant to my current or future scope of practice.
The activity was fair, balanced, and free of bias.
The activity improved my knowledge of this clinical issue.
The learning objectives for this activity were achieved.
I am better able to: Communicate/collaborate with other members of the care team on this issue.
I am better able to: Improve access to care and treatment for underrepresented patient groups or geographies because of what I learned.
The information learned during this activity will help improve my skills or judgment within the next six months.
The content was presented clearly.
The educational activity was well planned and presented.

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I intend to: Modify/change my practice or the practice of my team based on this educational activity.
I intend to: Work with my team to create/revise protocols, policies, and/or procedures with my care team.
I intended to: Share what I learned with other members of my care team.
I intend to: Make changes in how I communicate with/educate my patients.
I intend to: Seek additional information on topics discussed during the activity.
On average, I utilized the patient treatment strategies described in this educational activity prior to my participation.

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My office and practice systems can accommodate the above changes.
My patients can accommodate the above changes.
Patient access to the treatments provided will be a barrier to implementing the above changes.

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Case Studies in Improving HIV Prevention through Current and Emerging Strategies (Web)

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