Case Studies in HIV Prevention among Adolescents and Young Adults (Web) Logo

  • Case Studies in HIV Prevention among Adolescents and Young Adults

    Virtual Grant Rounds

  • Assessment

    Please answer the following questions based on what you learned in this activity.

  • Congratulations. The best choice is D. Choices A and B are incorrect given that PrEP services utilizing daily oral or injectable PrEP therapies are the only current evidence based strategies proven to reduce the risk of HIV transmission among at risk adults and adolescents. Choice D is the best choice as it includes an assessment of patient’s eligibility for PEP which meets the patient’s potential immediate as well as long-term need for HIV prevention care.

    References:
    Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection in the United States—2021 Update—A Clinical Practice Guideline: CDC's updated guideline provides comprehensive information about using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV infection in adults and adolescents.
    Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection in the United States—2021 Update—Clinical Providers' Supplement: This supplement to CDC's Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection in the United States—2021 Update—A Clinical Practice Guideline provides additional information for health care providers who prescribe PrEP.
    Updated Guidelines for Antiretroviral Postexposure Prophylaxis After Sexual, Injection Drug Use, or Other Nonoccupational Exposure to HIV—United States, 2016: CDC's guidelines for using nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (nPEP) include information about current nPEP medications, testing recommendations, and transitioning patients between nPEP and PrEP.
    Chou R, et al. Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2023;330(8):746–763. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9865.
    Rowan SE, et al. Same-day prescribing of daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention. Lancet HIV. 2021;8:e114-e120.

  • Sorry, the correct answer is D. Choices A and B are incorrect given that PrEP services utilizing daily oral or injectable PrEP therapies are the only current evidence based strategies proven to reduce the risk of HIV transmission among at risk adults and adolescents. Choice D is the best choice as it includes an assessment of patient’s eligibility for PEP which meets the patient’s potential immediate as well as long-term need for HIV prevention care.

    References:
    Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection in the United States—2021 Update—A Clinical Practice Guideline: CDC's updated guideline provides comprehensive information about using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV infection in adults and adolescents.
    Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection in the United States—2021 Update—Clinical Providers' Supplement: This supplement to CDC's Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection in the United States—2021 Update—A Clinical Practice Guideline provides additional information for health care providers who prescribe PrEP.
    Updated Guidelines for Antiretroviral Postexposure Prophylaxis After Sexual, Injection Drug Use, or Other Nonoccupational Exposure to HIV—United States, 2016: CDC's guidelines for using nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (nPEP) include information about current nPEP medications, testing recommendations, and transitioning patients between nPEP and PrEP.
    Chou R, et al. Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2023;330(8):746–763. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9865.
    Rowan SE, et al. Same-day prescribing of daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention. Lancet HIV. 2021;8:e114-e120.

  • Congratulations. The best answer is A. Adolescents and young adults account for 1 in 5 new infections, are the LEAST likely to be tested for HIV infection and understandably have the highest rates of undiagnosed HIV infection. Statements B, C and D are all correct statements. Adolescents and young adults are least likely to be counseled about, be started on or remain on PrEP.

    References:
    Szucs LE, et al. Role of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sexual Behaviors and Receipt of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services Among U.S. High School Students - Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2019-2021. MMWR Suppl. 2023 Apr 28;72(1):55-65. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.su7201a7. PMID: 37104536; PMCID: PMC10156159.
    Hsu HK, Rakhmanina NY. Committee on Pediatric AIDS, Adolescents and Young Adults: The Pediatrician’s Role in HIV Testing and Pre- and Postexposure HIV Prophylaxis. Pediatrics January 2022; 149 (1): e2021055207. 10.1542/peds.2021-055207.
    CDC Estimated HIV incidence and prevalence in the United States, 2018-2022. HIV Surveillance Supplemental Report, 2024; 29(1).

  • Sorry, the best answer is A. Adolescents and young adults account for 1 in 5 new infections, are the LEAST likely to be tested for HIV infection and understandably have the highest rates of undiagnosed HIV infection. Statements B, C and D are all correct statements. Adolescents and young adults are least likely to be counseled about, be started on or remain on PrEP.

    References:
    Szucs LE, et al. Role of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sexual Behaviors and Receipt of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services Among U.S. High School Students - Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2019-2021. MMWR Suppl. 2023 Apr 28;72(1):55-65. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.su7201a7. PMID: 37104536; PMCID: PMC10156159.
    Hsu HK, Rakhmanina NY. Committee on Pediatric AIDS, Adolescents and Young Adults: The Pediatrician’s Role in HIV Testing and Pre- and Postexposure HIV Prophylaxis. Pediatrics January 2022; 149 (1): e2021055207. 10.1542/peds.2021-055207.
    CDC Estimated HIV incidence and prevalence in the United States, 2018-2022. HIV Surveillance Supplemental Report, 2024; 29(1).

  • Congratulations. The best answer is A. We have the longest experience with TDF/FTC in both pregnancy and breastfeeding, which has been shown to be both safe and effective, and thus this would be the preferred option.

  • Sorry, the best answer is A. We have the longest experience with TDF/FTC in both pregnancy and breastfeeding, which has been shown to be both safe and effective, and thus this would be the preferred option.

  • Congratulations. The best answer is D. If the repeat injections are being given on schedule, the negative rapid test is sufficient. The laboratory test is used as confirmation. If the laboratory test is indeterminate or positive the patient should be recalled immediately for confirmatory testing.

  • Sorry, the best answer is D. If the repeat injections are being given on schedule, the negative rapid test is sufficient. The laboratory test is used as confirmation. If the laboratory test is indeterminate or positive the patient should be recalled immediately for confirmatory testing.

  • Evaluation

    To receive your CME/CE credit for participating in this activity, please complete the following evaluation.
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  • Please provide the following informaiton to receive your CME/CE Certificate.


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  • This educational activity was certified for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits(TM), 1.0 ANCC Contact Hours, 1.0 AAPA Category 1 CME credits, and 1.0 ACPE Contact Hours.

  • 1.25

  • 1.0

  • 0.75

  • 0.5

  • 0.0

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