AST1 Pre-course study

1. Match the numbers on the diagram with the following avalanche parts :
Track =    Please Select 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8    , Stauchwall =    Please Select 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8    , Start zone = Please Select 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8    , Flanks =    Please Select 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8    , Trigger =    Please Select 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  , Runout =    Please Select 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8    , Bed surface =    Please Select 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8   , Crown =    Please Select 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8    

4. Let's put all together looking at the avalanche picture above:
This is a size    Please Select 1 2 3 4 5    avalanche.
This is a    Please Select Loose dry Loose wet Storm slab Wind slab Persistent or deep persistent slab Wet slab Cornice    avalanche problem.
This avalanche is located at the Please Select Below Tree Line Tree Line Alpine    elevation band.
This terrain is considered   Please Select Simple Challenging Complex  .   
The following 4 factors strongly influenced the development of this avalanche Slope angle   Slope size   Exposure from above   Slope shape   Forest cover   Orientation to the wind   Orientation to the sun   Terrain roughness         

1. Match the definition with the correct avalanche danger level: 

Please Select Low Moderate Considerable High Extreme  - Heightened avalanche conditions on specific terrain features. Evaluate snow and terrain carefully: identify features of concern.
Please Select Low Moderate Considerable High Extreme    - Generally safe avalanche conditions. Watch for unstable snow on isolated terrain features.
Please Select Low Moderate Considerable High Extreme     - Very dangerous avalanche conditions. Travel in avalanche terrain not recommended.
Please Select Low Moderate Considerable High Extreme    - Dangerous avalanche conditions. Careful snowpack evaluation, cautious route-finding and conservative decision-making essential.

The route ranking for Quizz #1 (danger level : considerable, considerable, moderate) is the following:

• Ranking #1    Please Select A B C   
• Ranking #2    Please Select A B C  
• Ranking #3    Please Select A B C    

The route ranking for Quizz #2 (danger level : moderate, moderate, low) is the following:

• Ranking #1    Please Select A B C   
• Ranking #2    Please Select A B C  
• Ranking #3    Please Select A B C    

The route ranking for Quizz #3 (danger level : considerable, considerable, high) is the following:

• Ranking #1    Please Select A B C   
• Ranking #2    Please Select A B C  
• Ranking #3    Please Select A B C    

The route ranking for Quizz #4 (danger level : high, high, considerable) is the following:

• Ranking #1    Please Select A B C   
• Ranking #2    Please Select A B C  
• Ranking #3    Please Select A B C    

The route ranking for Quizz #5 (danger level : moderate, considerable, moderate) is the following:

• Ranking #1    Please Select A B C   
• Ranking #2    Please Select A B C  
• Ranking #3    Please Select A B C    

1. Put the following steps in the right order:

1. Please Select Evaluate Slopes Use Good Travel Habits Get the Forecast Verify Conditions Check Your Gear Reflect on Your Day Plan Your Trip    
2. Please Select Evaluate Slopes Use Good Travel Habits Get the Forecast Verify Conditions Check Your Gear Reflect on Your Day Plan Your Trip   
3. Please Select Evaluate Slopes Use Good Travel Habits Get the Forecast Verify Conditions Check Your Gear Reflect on Your Day Plan Your Trip   
4. Please Select Evaluate Slopes Use Good Travel Habits Get the Forecast Verify Conditions Check Your Gear Reflect on Your Day Plan Your Trip
5. Please Select Evaluate Slopes Use Good Travel Habits Get the Forecast Verify Conditions Check Your Gear Reflect on Your Day Plan Your Trip    
6. Please Select Evaluate Slopes Use Good Travel Habits Get the Forecast Verify Conditions Check Your Gear Reflect on Your Day Plan Your Trip    
7. Please Select Evaluate Slopes Use Good Travel Habits Get the Forecast Verify Conditions Check Your Gear Reflect on Your Day Plan Your Trip    

2. Complete the sentences below:
The Avaluator is a    Please Select Decision Tool    designed to help you make critical    Please Select Decision Tool    both before and during your backcountry trip.

The 3 Factors that are balanced and addressed with the Avaluator are:
-    Please Select Skills and Goals Avalanche and Weather Terrain    and Weather conditions
- the Avalanche specific characteristics of the    Please Select Skills and Goals Avalanche and Weather Terrain    you travel in
- the    Please Select Skills and Goals Avalanche and Weather Terrain    of those you are with

3. Match each question with the correct answer:

• A) Explain when you use the Avaluator Trip Planner?
• B) Explain why you use the Avaluator Trip Planner at this time?
• C) Explain when you use the Avaluator Slope Evaluation?
• D) Explain why it is critical to get this decision with the Avaluator Slope Evaluation correct?

Answers:

1. Please Select A B C D    This is the last chance to prevent a mistake.
2. Please Select A B C D    To avoid negative Human Factors and influences that can prevent good decision making while in the backcountry.
3. Please Select A B C D    When you are present in the backcountry, and you have to determine that a slope or piece of terrain is safe to travel.
4. Please Select A B C D    BEFORE you go. Ideally the night before, or in the early morning at the local coffee shop.

1. What should you do if you get caught in an avalanche? Put the steps in the right order.

1. Please Select If you are near a tree, hug it tightly or shelter on the down side Try to ride to the side as fast as possible with a 45º angle If you are caught in the flow, get rid of skis, snowboard, etc. Yell "AVALANCHE" to alert & warn others Activate your airbag if you have one If you are at the top of the avalanche, try to self-arrest by digging your poles or hands into the bed surface Fight to stay afloat by swimming towards the surface As the flow starts to slow, create an air space in front of your mouth with one hand and reach out to the surface with the other    
2. Please Select If you are near a tree, hug it tightly or shelter on the down side Try to ride to the side as fast as possible with a 45º angle If you are caught in the flow, get rid of skis, snowboard, etc. Yell "AVALANCHE" to alert & warn others Activate your airbag if you have one If you are at the top of the avalanche, try to self-arrest by digging your poles or hands into the bed surface Fight to stay afloat by swimming towards the surface As the flow starts to slow, create an air space in front of your mouth with one hand and reach out to the surface with the other   
3. Please Select If you are near a tree, hug it tightly or shelter on the down side Try to ride to the side as fast as possible with a 45º angle If you are caught in the flow, get rid of skis, snowboard, etc. Yell "AVALANCHE" to alert & warn others Activate your airbag if you have one If you are at the top of the avalanche, try to self-arrest by digging your poles or hands into the bed surface Fight to stay afloat by swimming towards the surface As the flow starts to slow, create an air space in front of your mouth with one hand and reach out to the surface with the other   
4. Please Select If you are near a tree, hug it tightly or shelter on the down side Try to ride to the side as fast as possible with a 45º angle If you are caught in the flow, get rid of skis, snowboard, etc. Yell "AVALANCHE" to alert & warn others Activate your airbag if you have one If you are at the top of the avalanche, try to self-arrest by digging your poles or hands into the bed surface Fight to stay afloat by swimming towards the surface As the flow starts to slow, create an air space in front of your mouth with one hand and reach out to the surface with the other
5. Please Select If you are near a tree, hug it tightly or shelter on the down side Try to ride to the side as fast as possible with a 45º angle If you are caught in the flow, get rid of skis, snowboard, etc. Yell "AVALANCHE" to alert & warn others Activate your airbag if you have one If you are at the top of the avalanche, try to self-arrest by digging your poles or hands into the bed surface Fight to stay afloat by swimming towards the surface As the flow starts to slow, create an air space in front of your mouth with one hand and reach out to the surface with the other    
6. Please Select If you are near a tree, hug it tightly or shelter on the down side Try to ride to the side as fast as possible with a 45º angle If you are caught in the flow, get rid of skis, snowboard, etc. Yell "AVALANCHE" to alert & warn others Activate your airbag if you have one If you are at the top of the avalanche, try to self-arrest by digging your poles or hands into the bed surface Fight to stay afloat by swimming towards the surface As the flow starts to slow, create an air space in front of your mouth with one hand and reach out to the surface with the other    
7. Please Select If you are near a tree, hug it tightly or shelter on the down side Try to ride to the side as fast as possible with a 45º angle If you are caught in the flow, get rid of skis, snowboard, etc. Yell "AVALANCHE" to alert & warn others Activate your airbag if you have one If you are at the top of the avalanche, try to self-arrest by digging your poles or hands into the bed surface Fight to stay afloat by swimming towards the surface As the flow starts to slow, create an air space in front of your mouth with one hand and reach out to the surface with the other    
8. Please Select If you are near a tree, hug it tightly or shelter on the down side Try to ride to the side as fast as possible with a 45º angle If you are caught in the flow, get rid of skis, snowboard, etc. Yell "AVALANCHE" to alert & warn others Activate your airbag if you have one If you are at the top of the avalanche, try to self-arrest by digging your poles or hands into the bed surface Fight to stay afloat by swimming towards the surface As the flow starts to slow, create an air space in front of your mouth with one hand and reach out to the surface with the other

Need a bit of help?.. Check here: https://avysavvy.avalanche.ca/en-ca/what-to-do-if-you-get-caught   

2. What are the order of the steps to carry out a companion rescue?

1. Please Select Determine the Search Area: look for signs of victims on the surface Dig as fast as possible working as a team Assess Safety Perform the Signal Search Choose a Leader to organize and direct the rescue Perform the Fine Search – move slow Head Count: how many are missing? Perform the Coarse Search – move fast Turn All Transceivers to Search – do a physical check Perform Patient Care, plan evacuation & call for help Pinpoint Using Probe    
2. Please Select Determine the Search Area: look for signs of victims on the surface Dig as fast as possible working as a team Assess Safety Perform the Signal Search Choose a Leader to organize and direct the rescue Perform the Fine Search – move slow Head Count: how many are missing? Perform the Coarse Search – move fast Turn All Transceivers to Search – do a physical check Perform Patient Care, plan evacuation & call for help Pinpoint Using Probe   
3. Please Select Determine the Search Area: look for signs of victims on the surface Dig as fast as possible working as a team Assess Safety Perform the Signal Search Choose a Leader to organize and direct the rescue Perform the Fine Search – move slow Head Count: how many are missing? Perform the Coarse Search – move fast Turn All Transceivers to Search – do a physical check Perform Patient Care, plan evacuation & call for help Pinpoint Using Probe   
4. Please Select Determine the Search Area: look for signs of victims on the surface Dig as fast as possible working as a team Assess Safety Perform the Signal Search Choose a Leader to organize and direct the rescue Perform the Fine Search – move slow Head Count: how many are missing? Perform the Coarse Search – move fast Turn All Transceivers to Search – do a physical check Perform Patient Care, plan evacuation & call for help Pinpoint Using Probe
5. Please Select Determine the Search Area: look for signs of victims on the surface Dig as fast as possible working as a team Assess Safety Perform the Signal Search Choose a Leader to organize and direct the rescue Perform the Fine Search – move slow Head Count: how many are missing? Perform the Coarse Search – move fast Turn All Transceivers to Search – do a physical check Perform Patient Care, plan evacuation & call for help Pinpoint Using Probe    
6. Please Select Determine the Search Area: look for signs of victims on the surface Dig as fast as possible working as a team Assess Safety Perform the Signal Search Choose a Leader to organize and direct the rescue Perform the Fine Search – move slow Head Count: how many are missing? Perform the Coarse Search – move fast Turn All Transceivers to Search – do a physical check Perform Patient Care, plan evacuation & call for help Pinpoint Using Probe    
7. Please Select Determine the Search Area: look for signs of victims on the surface Dig as fast as possible working as a team Assess Safety Perform the Signal Search Choose a Leader to organize and direct the rescue Perform the Fine Search – move slow Head Count: how many are missing? Perform the Coarse Search – move fast Turn All Transceivers to Search – do a physical check Perform Patient Care, plan evacuation & call for help Pinpoint Using Probe    
8. Please Select Determine the Search Area: look for signs of victims on the surface Dig as fast as possible working as a team Assess Safety Perform the Signal Search Choose a Leader to organize and direct the rescue Perform the Fine Search – move slow Head Count: how many are missing? Perform the Coarse Search – move fast Turn All Transceivers to Search – do a physical check Perform Patient Care, plan evacuation & call for help Pinpoint Using Probe

Need a bit of help?.. Check here: https://avalanche.ca/blogs/rescue-practice-keeping-it-real